Circumcision
What the research says and how to decide
The Decision Is Personal
Circumcision is a surgical procedure that removes the foreskin from the penis. It is one of the most common newborn procedures in the United States, but rates vary widely by region, culture, religion, and personal preference. Major medical organizations including the American Academy of Pediatrics advise parents to learn about the benefits and risks and make the decision that fits their values.
Potential Medical Benefits
Research suggests circumcision may reduce the risk of urinary tract infections in infancy, lower the risk of penile cancer, and reduce the risk of some sexually transmitted infections later in life. The overall risk reduction for most of these conditions is modest, and good hygiene provides similar protection for many of them. The American Academy of Pediatrics states that the health benefits outweigh the risks but are not significant enough to recommend routine circumcision for all newborns.
The Procedure and Recovery
Circumcision is usually performed within the first few days after birth. A local anesthetic is applied to minimize discomfort. The procedure itself takes about 10 minutes. Afterward, the area may be red and sensitive for a few days. Healing typically takes 7 to 10 days. Your care provider will give you instructions for cleaning and care. Signs of infection, such as persistent redness, swelling, or discharge, should be reported promptly.
Care for an Uncircumcised Baby
If you choose not to circumcise, the foreskin does not require special care. Wash the outside of the penis with soap and water during regular bathing. Do not forcefully retract the foreskin to clean underneath. The foreskin will loosen naturally over months or years as the baby grows. Premature retraction can cause pain and damage.